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  • Company formation in CyprusDatum17.04.2024 13:22
    Thema von DonaldWalker im Forum Dies ist ein Forum in...

    Cyprus is regarded as an ideal place for incorporating a company for many reasons. Geographical location is one; this magnificent island is conveniently situated at the crossroads of Europe, Africa and Asia. Furthermore, its proximity to the richest Middle Eastern countries gives Cyprus a serious advantage, and contributes to an accommodating environment for establishing a company. Widespread use of the English language in all spheres of life attracts business people from all around the world. Approximately 80% of the population are fluent English speakers.

    In terms of legislation, Cyprus' investment policy changed significantly in 2000, when the minimum level of foreign investment in Cypriot companies was abolished for EU citizens (in 2004 this restriction was also lifted for non-EU citizens). It is worth noting that the government of Cyprus allows 100% foreign participation in local companies for third-country investors. As far as taxes are concerned, Cyprus is an appealing jurisdiction in which to do business: at 12.5%, its corporate income tax is one of the lowest in Europe. Furthermore, in order to avoid double taxation, Cyprus has signed double tax agreements with more than 40 countries. Cyprus is an attractive offshore zone because of the very friendly relations between investors and tax authorities. All of these factors create an inviting business environment on the island.

    Company formation is a very popular service in Cyprus, not least because of the simplicity of its bureaucratic procedures and the ease of opening a bank account. Statistics show that in 2016, more than 200,000 new companies were registered in the country. As a location for a holding company, Cyprus also has many advantages — but first it is necessary to understand what holding companies are and the purposes for which they can be used. In brief, a holding company is a company than owns enough of another company's stock to be able to control its management and policies. Holding companies are used by the owners of real estate, trade marks and other assets. Setting up a holding company is quick and simple; your presence is not necessary and the procedure can be completed over email or by post. A holding company also allows for nominees. The VAT applicable to Cyprus-based holding companies is only 19%, and there is 0% tax on inbound and outbound dividends.

    A Cyprus-resident holding company can distribute profits to non-resident shareholders completely tax free, while corporate tax on income deriving from intellectual property rights is only 2%. Welcome to paradise!

    Incorporating a company in Cyprus usually takes approximately 15-20 days. First, you must get your company name approved by the Registrar of Companies, who will make sure that it is not already in use; this takes 3-5 business days. Then, you can register your company. The entire registration process takes approximately 5-8 business days. The following documents will be required: a copy of your passport, confirmation of personal details, photographs, a document that indicates the place of residence of each shareholder and a certificate confirming the location of the company's registered office. The directors will need to submit certain information concerning their professions. Remember that, according to Cypriot law, at least one director and one company secretary should be appointed.

    It is possible to open a bank account in Cyprus whether you are a resident or not, and it can be done through an overseas branch of a Cypriot bank. In order to proceed, you must submit original or apostilled copies of the following documents: passport, proof of residential address (a utility bill, for example) and a bank reference letter. The main advantage is that opening a bank account is fast and fuss free. The cost of opening an account is very low if we compare Cyprus with other EU states. Plus, any person or legal entity can open a bank account in Cyprus. As a result, you will have a valid worldwide Visa card, internet banking, security, anonymity and many other benefits. In addition, there are no minimum deposit terms and bank fees for money transfers are low. Interest in registering companies in Cyprus continues to grow. More and more foreign businesses and investors are discovering the benefits of this beautiful country's business environment. Do not miss your opportunity.

  • Legal business structures in PanamaDatum03.02.2024 17:19
    Thema von DonaldWalker im Forum Dies ist ein Forum in...

    Panama is a very attractive place for business for many reasons. It is an ideal location for business owners looking for corporate, financial or personal privacy. Panama is well known for its international companies and appealing tax regime. The government of Panama is keen to encourage and support foreign investment — there are no restrictions on foreign capital. Also, Panama has the fastest-growing economy in Central America.

    There are many advantages to doing business in Panama. To begin with, Panama is an independent jurisdiction with high levels of privacy protection. By basing your company in Panama, you will be exempt from all local taxes on income received from outside Panama. Furthermore, Panama has a well-developed professional infrastructure and financial services industry. It should be emphasised that Panama also has an excellent telecommunications system, and if your business is located in this fabulous country you will have easy air access to North and South America. All these factors have contributed to the increased presence of international companies in recent years. There are special legal structures for companies in Panama, described below.

    The corporation limited by shares (sociedad anónima) is the most popular company type in Panama and the most common choice for offshore operations. Only one shareholder is required to set up a company, but at least three directors must be appointed before the company can engage in business. One great advantage of the corporation limited by shares is that there are no paying-up rules and no minimum capital requirements. Shares in a sociedad anónima can be bearer or registered, with or without value, and can be of various classes. In terms of bearer shares, there are strict regulations: registered agents are obliged to place the bearer share certificate in authorised safe custody. After capital tax ($60 minimum) and an annual registration fee ($300) have been paid, the Public Registry Office registers the corporation. All industrial and commercial businesses should have a “notice of operations”, which costs 2% of the company’s net worth.

    A limited liability company (sociedad de responsabilidad limitada) should have at least two and no more than twenty partners. There are no restrictions concerning the nationality of the partners, but their names, surnames and personal details must be registered with the Public Registry Office, as well as the amount of capital paid into the company by each partner. The following information should be specified in the partnership agreement: the names and addresses of the partners, the duration of the company, its address, the general purpose of the company, its authorised capital and its designated resident agent (a law firm or lawyer). If the number of partners is less than five, the company is not obliged to hold meetings, but generally partners should have a meeting at least once per year. Capital of $2,000–$500,000 is required for this particular legal structure. There are no special requirements for the filing of accounts or annual reports.

    A general partnership (sociedad en nombre colectivo) is another option in Panama. Partners in a sociedad en nombre colectivo have unlimited liability, which means that every partner can be held liable, and can be sued, if another partner engages in fraudulent or negligent action while conducting business on behalf of the general partnership. Of course, all partners are jointly liable for business debts. General partnerships are not required to pay tax on income received from outside Panama (even if this income is deposited in the country). Furthermore, they should not pay any local taxes on capital, although they will be subject to local taxes if they operate a business or own real estate in Panama.

    The ordinary limited partnership (sociedad en comandita simple) is in basic terms a hybrid between a partnership and a corporation. This particular legal structure requires at least one partner. It is also called a simple partnership, and partners are liable up to a percentage equivalent to what they put in or invested in the company. The main advantage of this type of company is that income earned outside Panama is not taxed. The sociedad en comandita simple is rarely used nowadays.

    Trusts in Panama should be established by written agreement. The trustee, beneficiary and settlor should be citizens or residents of Panama. There is no minimum capital required for trusts. A trust must pay taxes in Panama if it receives income in the country.

  • Thema von DonaldWalker im Forum Dies ist ein Forum in...

    Membership in International Unions
    Whether it is an alliance, incorporated union, federal union or supranational body here is the list of unions the country is a member of. Hungary is a member of several unions. They are European Union, International Monetary Fund, North Atlantic Treaty Organization, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Schengen Area, United Nations, World Trade Organization.

    European Union
    Hungary is a member of European Union. On 1 May 2004, it joined the EU as a full member state. The EU is a unique economic and political partnership between 28 European countries that together form a politico-economic union and cover much of the European continent. It covers an area of 4,324,782 km, with an estimated population of over 508 million. People can travel freely throughout most of the continent. Operating as a single market, the EU is a major world trading power. And it's become much easier to live, work and travel abroad in Europe.

    International Monetary Fund
    Hungary is a member of International Monetary Fund. On 6 May 1982, it joined the IMF as a member. The IMF is an organization headquartered in Washington, D.C., of 189 countries working to foster global monetary cooperation, secure financial stability and facilitate international trade. The IMF now plays a central role in the management of balance of payments difficulties and international financial crises. The union is governed by and accountable to the all 189 member countries. As of 2010, the fund had SDR 476.8 billion (about US$ 755.7 billion).

    North Atlantic Treaty Organization
    Hungary is a member of North Atlantic Treaty Organization. Hungary has been a part of NATO since 12 March 1999, and therefore has been a member of NATO for 24 years. The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (French: Organisation du Traité de l'Atlantique Nord; OTAN) is an intergovernmental military alliance based on the North Atlantic Treaty which. NATO's headquarters are located in Haren, Brussels, Belgium. NATO promotes democratic values and encourages cooperation on defence and security issues. The organization constitutes a system of collective defence whereby its member states agree to mutual defense in response to an attack by any external party. NATO is committed to the peaceful resolution of disputes.

    Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
    Hungary is a member of Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. On 7 May 1996, it joined the OECD as a member. The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (French: Organisation de coopération et de développement économiques, OCDE) is an international economic organisation of 34 countries, founded in 1961 to stimulate economic progress and world trade, and promote policies that will improve the economic and social well-being. It is a forum in which governments can work together to share experiences and seek solutions to common problems. OECD work with governments to understand what drives economic, social and environmental change. OECD measures productivity and global flows of trade and investment.

    Schengen Area
    Hungary is a member of Schengen Area. On 21 December 2007, it was accepted into Schengen Area. The Schengen Agreement is a treaty which led to the creation of Europe's borderless Schengen Area. It entitles every EU citizen to travel, work and live in any EU country without special formalities. It was signed on 14 June 1985 by five of the ten member states of the then European Economic Community near the town of Schengen, Luxembourg. Schengen cooperation enhances free movement of persons by enabling more than 400 million EU citizens to cross internal borders without being subjected to border checks.

    United Nations
    Hungary is a member of United Nations. On 14 December 1955, it joined the UN at its inception date as a full member state. Founded in 1945, the United Nations is an intergovernmental organization to promote international co-operation. The work of the United Nations are guided by the principles contained in its founding Charter. It is currently made up of 193 Member States. The headquarters of the United Nations is in Manhattan, New York City, further main offices are situated in Geneva, Nairobi and Vienna. Its objectives include maintaining international peace and security, promoting human rights, fostering social and economic development, protecting the environment, and providing aid.

  • Company formation in AustriaDatum30.05.2023 17:47
    Thema von DonaldWalker im Forum Dies ist ein Forum in...

    Austria has a corporate tax rate of 25%. Companies that operate under VAT have to pay tax on purchases at 20%. Certain services, like those related to food, water, pharmaceuticals, domestic and international transport, printed books, TV, and others, benefit from a 10% VAT rate.

  • Top destination for global investments Datum16.03.2023 11:56
    Thema von DonaldWalker im Forum Dies ist ein Forum in...

    Every year over USD 1 trillion is distributed worldwide in the form of foreign direct investment. Investments by foreign investors and entrepreneurs are of significant value to the country and are seen as a sign of a healthy economic, political and legal environment. When it comes to investing your money, some countries are simply better than others. It depends on numerous factors such as the country's overall economy and growth prospects, political stability, taxation and the overall legal system, the complexity of starting a business, opening an account and the workforce.

    In this article, we summarize three jurisdictions in terms of benefits and other features crucial to foreign investors. These countries have already proven their ability to attract multinationals and other investments, but when it comes to choosing the right place to invest, each country is different and might be better than others in one or more factors.

    Singapore
    The first country to be analyzed is Singapore, which ranks 2nd among the best countries for investment and 15th among the best countries in the world in the US News Best Countries Ranking developed in cooperation with its international partners .

    Located in Southeast Asia, Singapore is a bustling metropolis and home to one of the busiest ports in the world. As one of Asia's four economic tigers, the country has experienced impressive growth in recent years thanks to efficient production and manufacturing processes and innovations in the pharmaceutical and electronics industries. High GDP per capita and low unemployment make Singapore one of the wealthiest countries in the world.

    Hong Kong
    Hong Kong is a special administrative region of China. While Hong Kong is often considered as a separate entity from China, it is not a country and therefore enters all lists and rankings under the name of China. China takes 26th place among best countries to invest in and 20th place among best countries in general.

    Hong Kong’s legal system is characterised by the strict adherence to principles and the rule of law. It operates a free trade economic system and promotes minimal government interference in most sections of the economy. This reflects on the small number of tariffs and duties on traded goods and therefore it is a better place for investments than other parts of China.
    Foreign investments are attracted by promoting a favourable investment climate with low taxes, few restrictions and additional incentives to encourage investments. Corporate profits tax rate is 16.5% with a possibility to waive 75% of the tax. There is no tax levied on dividends.
    Company incorporation is a simple and fast-forward process. All applications for company incorporation also include an application for the business registry. The application can be submitted online and the processing generally takes one hour (as opposed to four days if the application is submitted in hard copy).

    Due to its impressive growth and increasing immigration, Singapore attracts the best professionals to its workforce. The country offers cultural diversity and, with four official languages, is an important gateway for international trade.
    The corporate tax rate is 17%, but it can be reduced by taking advantage of numerous government subsidies, incentives, and other programs.
    Singapore's legal system is known for its integrity, efficiency and fairness, making the country better than many as a place to start and operate a business. The World Bank Group has recognized Singapore's political and regulatory environment as the most business-friendly in the world.
    Other factors:
    Least Corrupt Country in Asia;
    Best IP protection in Asia;
    Most popular country for arbitration in Asia.

    United Arab Emirates
    The United Arab Emirates or UAE is listed as the 22nd best country in the world and is not mentioned among the best countries for investment according to the above ranking.

    Before the discovery of oil in the mid-20th century, the UAE's economy was mainly based on fishing and the pearling industry. The country experienced rapid growth and general transformation along with the start of oil exports in the 1960s. Today the country's GDP can be compared to that of leading European countries and the World Economic Forum has named the UAE the most competitive place in the Arab world.

    When incorporating a company in the United Arab Emirates, foreign investors can choose between offshore or onshore registration, whichever is more suitable for the type of company and the activities planned. Onshore registration means that the investor establishes a business presence on the UAE mainland. Offshore registration usually refers to a business presence in one of the UAE's free trade zones.
    The UAE does not levy corporate income tax at the federal level. However, most Emirates have some corporate income taxation and can even reach 55% for certain industries. In practice, corporate income tax is mainly levied on gas and oil companies and branches of foreign banks.
    Other factors:
    The UAE is among the most liberal places in the Gulf with a legal system that allows freedom of religion;
    No sales tax or VAT but with plans to introduce it in the future;
    In addition to traditional banking, Islamic (or Sharia-compliant) banking has seen tremendous growth in recent times.

  • Finance of BahamasDatum10.02.2023 07:06
    Thema von DonaldWalker im Forum Dies ist ein Forum in...

    The minimum monthly wage in the Bahamas is $662. When it comes to consumer prices, the inflation rate in the Bahamas is 1%. The currency of the Bahamas is the Bahamian Dollar. The plural form of the word Bahamian dollar is dollars. The symbol used for this currency is $ and is abbreviated as BSD. The Bahamian Dollar is divided into cents; there are 100 in a dollar. Consumers spend around $4,874 million every year. The ratio of consumer spending to GDP in the Bahamas is 60.60% and the ratio of consumer spending to world consumer market is 1.41%. Corporate income tax in the Bahamas is 0%. Personal income tax ranges from 0% to 0% depending on your specific situation and income level. Sales tax in the Bahamas is 7.5%.

    Gross domestic product
    The total Gross Domestic Product (GDP) measured at Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) in the Bahamas is US$11 billion. Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita, calculated as Purchasing Power Parity (PPP), was last seen at $27,687 in the Bahamas. PPP in the Bahamas is considered good compared to other countries. Good PPP shows that citizens in this country rarely find it difficult to buy local goods. Local goods can include food, shelter, clothing, healthcare, personal hygiene, essential furnishings, transportation and communications, laundry, and various types of insurance. Countries with good PPP are relatively safe places to invest. The total gross domestic product (GDP) in Bahamas is 8 billion. Based on this statistic, the Bahamas is believed to have a small economy. Countries with small economies generally support fewer industries and investment opportunities. However, worthwhile investment opportunities can be found. Gross domestic product (GDP) per capita in the Bahamas was last seen at $20,144. The average citizen of the Bahamas is wealthy. Countries with high per capita wealth employ highly skilled workers with competitive wages. Working in countries with high levels of prosperity is expensive compared to countries with lower GDP per capita. However, it is easy to find highly qualified employees in the Bahamas. The annual GDP growth rate in the Bahamas averaged 1.2% in 2014. According to this percentage, Bahamas is currently experiencing modest growth. Modest growth countries offer safe investment opportunities; Their expanding economy suggests that businesses, jobs and incomes will increase accordingly.

  • Politics of LiberiaDatum02.11.2022 11:54
    Thema von DonaldWalker im Forum Dies ist ein Forum in...

    Liberia is a unitary presidential republic. In terms of political and civil liberties, Liberia ranks 2nd. Citizens in Liberia experience partial freedom. While the majority of Liberian citizens are able to exercise their free will to some degree, some political engagement may be limited and certain population groups may be barred from certain freedoms or expressions of opinion. Prime Minister is George Weah.

    According to the World Bank Group, Liberia's Government Effectiveness Index is -1.37. This suggests that the government of Liberia is ineffective. Public and public services are severely impacted, leading to potential for social and political upheaval. In Liberia, legislative power rests with a legislature. The Global Peace Index (GPI) for Liberia is 1.963. The Strength Rights Index for Liberia is 8. Overall, it is considered to be fairly fair – bankruptcy and collateral laws can protect the rights of borrowers and lenders at least decently; Credit reports are usually sufficient and generally available. In 2013, Liberia received US$570.9 million in foreign aid. In 2014, foreign aid was $764.8. Liberia is a member of the United Nations (UN). On November 2, 1945, it acceded to the United Nations on the founding date as a full member state. Liberia is one of the original UN member states that founded the organization. Liberia is a member of the African Union (AU). On May 25, 1963, it joined the AU as a full member. Liberia is a member of the World Bank.

  • Politics of AustraliaDatum24.09.2022 11:18
    Thema von DonaldWalker im Forum Dies ist ein Forum in...

    In Australia, the form of government is a federal parliamentary constitutional monarchy. In Australia, legislative power rests with a parliament. The head of government is Elizabeth II. A country's governmental structure determines the way laws are written, approved and interpreted. The type of government determines the way elections are held as well as the country's system of policing its citizens. The term of office of the head of state in Australia lasts until the next succession. The length of a head of state's tenure directly affects the power and influence of the executive branch. A longer term gives the head of state more authority. The Global Peace Index (GPI) for Australia is 1.329. Due to the strong presence of the law enforcement authorities and the high level of social responsibility, Australia is very safe in international comparison. The Strength of Legal Rights Index for Australia is 11. Overall it is considered quite strong - bankruptcy and collateral laws can protect the rights of borrowers and lenders fairly well; Credit information is plentiful and easily accessible.

    Government
    In Australia, the head of government is Elizabeth II. Australia's system of government is a federal parliamentary constitutional monarchy. In Australia, legislative power rests with a parliament; This is a bicameral legislative body and therefore a bicameral parliament. According to the World Bank Group, Australia's Government Effectiveness Index is 1.59. This shows that the Australian government is very effective. Citizens enjoy highly efficient social, public and public services and general morale in Australia is high. State action is efficient and swift, making dangerous situations highly unlikely.

    Unions and alliances
    This section provides a list of unions to which Australia is affiliated.

    Australia is a member of the United Nations (UN). Australia is a member of the World Trade Organization (WTO). Australia is a member of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). Australia is a member of the International Monetary Fun (IMF). To find out more about when Australia became a member of these unions and what additional political unions and alliances Australia is a member of, click Australia's membership of international unions.

    Freedom in Australia
    In terms of political and civil liberties, Australia is number 1. Citizens in Australia experience total freedom. The majority of countries where citizens enjoy wide civil liberties and political liberties are representative democracies, where officials are directly elected by the citizens to advocate for their needs and wants. Free countries are often backed by healthy economies and well-functioning governments.

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